The aim of this to determine wheat genotype class by contact angle method. In study, a healthy classification of the varieties was made by utilizing the contact angle created by water with the seed, and the usability of the contact angle technique in the classification of wheat varieties was investigated. In this study, bread wheat genotypes (Müfitbey, Tosunbey, Yunus, Nacibey, Es26, Reis, Sönmez, Altay, Ahmetaða, Rumeli, Bezostaja and Alpu) were used. As a result, PCA and BiPlot analyses revealed that the Nacibey, Rumeli, Es26, Altay, Reis, Bezostaja and Sönmez genotypes have the most suitable similarity angle, especially in terms of contact angle feature. BipPlot analysis gives successful results in contact angle analysis. Again, contact angle analysis can be used safely in the classification of wheat genotypes.

This study aimed to isolate and optimize the amylase activity of bacteria isolated from wastewater and treatment sludge in the food industry. Initially, bacterial isolates were obtained and identified, with Bacillus thuringiensis emerging as a particularly promising strain due to its significant amylase activity. Following identification, the amylase activity of Bacillus thuringiensis was assessed, revealing a baseline activity of 54%. The study then focused on optimizing enzyme production through a systematic evaluation of various culture conditions, including carbon sources, nitrogen sources, pH levels, and incubation times. The results indicated that starch was the most effective carbon source; bacterial peptone was the optimal nitrogen source; a pH of 9 provided the best environment and an incubation period of 48 hours maximized enzyme production. Under these optimized conditions, Bacillus thuringiensis demonstrated a remarkable 97.7% amylase activity. This significant enhancement underscores the potential of Bacillus thuringiensis for industrial applications, particularly in amylase production. The study offers valuable insights into optimizing enzyme production and establishes a foundation for future research and development in industrial enzyme applications.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effective yield factors (plant height, spike number/m2, spike height, spikelet number, seed number/spike, seed weight/spike, 1000 seed weight, test weight, harvest index and protein content) on grain yield in bread wheat genotypes by statistical methods. Results denoted that spike number/m2, seed number/spike, seed weight/spike and test weight are important components; Müfitbey, Altay, Nacibey, Es 26 were high potential and stabile genotypes.

The research was carried out in the research and trial area of Eskiþehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, in the 2021-2022 growing season in order to determine the yield and yield characteristics of some bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars with alternative characters at different autumn and summer sowing times. Bread wheat cultivars Sönmez 2001, Es-26, Ahmetaða and Kate, which have alternative characters, were used as experimental material. The experiment was established in randomized complete block design with a split-plot design with three replications. As yield traits; spike length (cm), number of grains per spike (number), grain weight per spike (g), thousand grain weight (g) and grain yield (kg/da) were examined. According to the research results, the Sönmez 2001 variety gave the highest grain yield value in the autumn and summer sowing on 12.10.2022. Among alternative varieties, Sönmez 2001 is recommended for summer sowing.

The purpose of this study to determine the effective yield components on seed yield by of biplot and decision tree analyses. As a results of biplot and decision tree analyses, the most effective yield components were determined as SPAD, spike number/m2 and seed number/spike components on grain yield. Müfitbey and Rumeli genotypes were determined as high performance and quality genotypes.